Cardiogenic shock is the leading cause of death among patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction (MI). Understanding the mechanisms for acute pump failure is therefore important. The aim ...
The left and right ventricles each pump the same volume of blood through the aorta and pulmonary artery. The volume of blood pumped through each ventricle per minute can be calculated as cardiac ...
Heart rate is measured in beats per minute (bpm). During exercise the heart rate increases so that sufficient blood is taken to the working muscles to provide them with enough nutrients and oxygen. An ...